The Department of Mathematical Sciences was started with the inception of the Tezpur University in the year 1994. It is one of the first three departments of Tezpur University, with the objective of producing trained manpower for undertaking research and teaching in mathematics and allied branches of basic and applied sciences. It also aimed to groom trained mathematicians for problem solving in industry and other concerns. Apart from offering Masters degree in Mathematics (2 year and Integrated 5 year programmes) it also offers Ph.D. programme in Mathematical Sciences. The department offers diverse areas of research. Faculty members are engaged in various developmental and academic projects under the sponsorship of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), University Grants Commission (UGC) and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The department has received developmental grants for Creation of Specialized Manpower in Computational Seismology (M. Tech. Programme) in addition to support under UGC-SAP (DRS-I), 2011 – 2016 and DST-FIST 2012, (2014-2019) grants. Additionally, the department was selected for UGC-SAP (DRS-II), 2018-2023. The department is equipped with one computational laboratory housing three servers and around twenty five terminals.
   Currently there are seventeen faculty members, two technical staff and two supporting staff in the department. Alumni of the department are serving the society through various universities, research institutes, colleges, and other institutes as well as different public and private organizations.